Whenever there is a boundary between two different surfaces, light is refracted because there is a change in the speed of light when it crosses from one material to another. The direction in which it ...

Several light sources produce light across various wavelengths. While this wavelength spectrum can be useful in lighting applications, other applications require light with a restricted visible ...

IN the whole realm of biological science there is perhaps no phenomenon of greater fundamental importance than that exhibited by green plants in the transformation of carbon dioxide and water into ...