A pioneering study provides new evidence that gut microbes vary across primate species and can shape physiology in ways ...

Scientists have long suspected that the trillions of microbes in our intestines do more than digest lunch, but new work goes ...

Researchers mapped the brain connectivity of 960 individuals to uncover how fast and slow neural processes unite to support complex behavior.

My fellow pro-growth Up Wingers, Are we getting dumber? The data tell a worrying tale: Human cognitive capabilities appear to be in retreat, according to a new analytical piece in the Financial Times ...

Encephalization — the increase in brain size relative to the body — is a key feature in human evolution, but exactly how this process occurred is still unclear. Looking at studies comparing the ...

Researchers discovered that autism’s prevalence may be linked to human brain evolution. Specific neurons in the outer brain evolved rapidly, and autism-linked genes changed under natural selection.

CAMBRIDGE, MA -- The human brain contains about 86 billion neurons. These cells fire electrical signals that help the brain store memories and send information and commands throughout the brain and ...

Long before humans built cities or wrote words, our ancestors may have faced a hidden threat that shaped who we became. Scientists studying ancient teeth found that early humans, great apes, and even ...

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be the result of millions of years of evolution. Rapid neuronal evolution in humans is likely ASD’s genetic cause, new research suggests. Though autism can cause ...