The use of directional arrays in FM broadcasting has increased greatly in 30 years. Especially in the NCE reserved band, a DA can increase the operating power of a station significantly while still ...

The authors are president and vice president, respectively, of Communications Technologies Inc., a consultancy in Marlton, N.J. Fig. 1: Measured vertical (purple) and horizontal (blue) field strength ...

When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it works. Prior to the digital television evolution, directional antennas at full-power television stations ...

Editor's note: To view a PDF version of this article, click here. Propagating radio waves all begin and end with the same component: the antenna. This month and next, I will highlight communication's ...

An overview of antenna design considerations is presented. The design considerations include system requirements, antenna selection, antenna placement, antenna element design/simulation, and antenna ...